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Optimizing Fertilization Rate to Achieve High Onion Bulb Yield and High Nitrogen Fertilizer Productivity in Dry-Hot Valley Region of Southwest China

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Li, Jiancha 1 ; Li, Kun 1 ; Li, Yilin 1 ; Yue, Xuewen 1 ; Zhu, Hongye 3 ; Shi, Liangtao 1 ; Fang, Haidong 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Yunnan Acad Agr Sci, Inst Trop Ecoagr, Yuanmou 651300, Peoples R China

2.Yunnan Key Lab Soil Eros Prevent & Green Dev, Yuanmou 651300, Peoples R China

3.Yunnan Acad Agr Sci, Inst Agr Environm & Resources, Kunming 650051, Peoples R China

关键词： fertilization rate; dry matter accumulation and partitioning; dry matter translocation; marketable bulb yield; nitrogen partial factor productivity

期刊名称：AGRONOMY-BASEL （ 影响因子：3.4； 五年影响因子：3.8 ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2025 年 15 卷 8 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Excessive fertilization is a widespread issue in onion (Allium cepa L.) production in Southwest China. This practice not only leads to environmental pollution but also decreases the marketable yield and fertilizer productivity of onions. Identifying an optimal fertilization rate is crucial for promoting high-yield and highly efficient onion cultivation. The objective of this research is to determine the appropriate amount of fertilizer by investigating the effects of different fertilization rates on the growth characteristics and bulb yield of onion. The study was conducted over two consecutive growing seasons utilizing a randomized complete block design, which included six treatments: local routine fertilizer application (F1), a 20% reduction from F1 (F2), a 40% reduction from F1 (F3), a 60% reduction from F1 (F4), an 80% reduction from F1 (F5), and no fertilizer application (F0). The results show that, at the mature stage, aboveground dry matter quantity and its accumulation rate of onion under treatment F2 were found to be the highest among all other treatments across both growing seasons. Following the onset of bulbing, dry matter accumulation initially increased but subsequently decreased with reduced fertilizer supply; notably, it was greater under treatment F2 compared to other treatments. Compared with F1, the PFPN (partial factor productivity of nitrogen fertilizer) under treatment F2 increased by 35.2% and 32.0%, and the marketable bulb yield under treatment F2 increased by 8.4% and 5.8% during the 2022-2023 and 2023-2024 growing seasons, respectively. The marketable bulb yield demonstrated extremely significant positive correlations with aboveground dry matter and the dry matter accumulation rate throughout all growth periods in both growing seasons. Furthermore, marketable bulb yield exhibited extremely significant positive correlations with dry matter translocation before the onset of bulbing and dry matter accumulation following bulbing initiation. It was concluded that the appropriate fertilizer application (F2), characterized by a fertilization rate of 339-216-318 kg ha-1 for N-P2O5-K2O, enhanced onion bulb yield and nitrogen fertilizer productivity by promoting post-bulbing dry matter accumulation. This study emphasizes the significance of optimizing the fertilization rate as a crucial factor in achieving high-yield and highly efficient onion cultivation by enhancing dry matter accumulation.

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