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Whole-genome and genome-wide association studies improve key agricultural traits of safflower for industrial and medicinal use

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Chen, Jiang 1 ; Guo, Shuai 1 ; Hu, Xueli 3 ; Wang, Rui 1 ; Jia, Donghai 4 ; Li, Qiang 4 ; Yin, Xianmei 1 ; Liao, Xuejiao 1 ; Hu, Zunhong 3 ; Wang, Peiqi 3 ; Ren, Chaoxiang 1 ; Dong, Shuai 1 ; Chen, Chao 1 ; Chen, Shilin 1 ; Xu, Jiang 2 ; Pei, Jin 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Chengdu Univ Tradit Chinese Med, State Key Lab Southwestern Chinese Med Resources, Coll Pharm, Chengdu 611137, Peoples R China

2.China Acad Chinese Med Sci, Inst Chinese Mat Med, Beijing 100700, Peoples R China

3.Yunnan Acad Agr Sci, Ind Crops Res Inst, Kunming 650205, Yunnan, Peoples R China

4.Xinjiang Acad Agr Sci, Inst Econ Crops, Urumqi 830091, Peoples R China

期刊名称：HORTICULTURE RESEARCH （ 影响因子：8.7； 五年影响因子：9.0 ）

ISSN： 2662-6810

年卷期： 2023 年 10 卷 11 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) is widely cultivated around the world for its seeds and flowers. The presence of linoleic acid (LA) in its seeds and hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) in its flowers are the crucial traits that enable safflower to be used for industrial and medicinal purposes. Understanding the genetic control of these traits is essential for optimizing the quality of safflower and its breeding. To further this research, we present a chromosome-scale assembly of the genome of the safflower variety 'Chuanhonghua 1', which was achieved using an integrated strategy combining Illumina, Oxford Nanopore, and Hi-C sequencing. We obtained a 1.17-Gb assembly with a contig N50 of 1.08 Mb, and all assembled sequences were assigned to 12 pseudochromosomes. Safflower's evolution involved the core eudicot gamma-triplication event and a whole-genome duplication event, which led to large-scale genomic rearrangements. Extensive genomic shuffling has occurred since the divergence of the ancestor of dicotyledons. We conducted metabolite and transcriptome profiles with time- and part-dependent changes and screened candidate genes that significantly contribute to seed lipid biosynthesis. We also analyzed key gene families that participate in LA and HSYA biosynthesis. Additionally, we re-sequenced 220 safflower lines and carried out a genome-wide association study using high-quality SNP data for eight agronomic traits. We identified SNPs related to important traits in safflower. Besides, the candidate gene HH_034464 (CtCGT1) was shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of HSYA. Overall, we provide a high-quality reference genome and elucidate the genetic basis of LA and HSYA biosynthesis in safflower. This vast amount of data will benefit further research for functional gene mining and breeding in safflower.

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