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Effects of Various Nitrogen Regimes on the Ability of Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) to Suppress Littleseed Canarygrass (Phalaris minor Retz.)

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Xu, Gaofeng 1 ; Shen, Shicai 2 ; Zhang, Yun 5 ; Clements, David Roy 6 ; Yang, Shaosong 2 ; Wen, Lina 2 ; Zhang, Fudou 2 ; Dong, Liyao 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Nanjing 210095, Peoples R China

2.Yunnan Acad Agr Sci, Inst Agr Environm & Resources Res, Kunming 650205, Yunnan, Peoples R China

3.Yunnan Key Lab Green Prevent & Control Agr Transb, Kunming 650205, Yunnan, Peoples R China

4.Yunnan Lancang Mekong Agr Biosecur Int Sci & Tech, Kunming 650205, Yunnan, Peoples R China

5.Yunnan Acad Agr Sci, Biotechnol & Germplasm Resources Inst, Kunming 650205, Yunnan, Peoples R China

6.Trinity Western Univ, Biol Dept, 7600 Glover Rd, Langley, BC V2Y 1Y1, Canada

关键词： rapeseed; littleseed canarygrass; nitrogen regimes; control efficacy; competitive crops; photosynthetic characteristics

期刊名称：AGRONOMY-BASEL （ 影响因子：3.949； 五年影响因子：4.117 ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2022 年 12 卷 3 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Using crops to control invasive weeds is an important approach for the long-term management of invasive species in agroecosystems. Nitrogen application can improve the yield and quality of crops, but may shift interactions of invasive weeds and crops, potentially affecting grass control ability. To explore the yield of a crop and its control efficacy of invasive weed under different nitrogen conditions, we studied the competitive effects of the high-value crop rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of invasive species littleseed canarygrass in the field experiments. The results showed that the rapeseed yield and its control efficacy on littleseed canarygrass were significantly affected (p < 0.05) under different N regimes, and the control efficacy of littleseed canarygrass by rapeseed increased first and then decreased with the increase of basal nitrogen rates, while increasing topdressing N rates increased control efficacy of littleseed canarygrass by rapeseed. In fact, yield and weed control efficacy of rapeseed was most ideal when both basal and topdressing N was 90 kg.ha(-1). We also found that N significantly impacted the competitive ability of rapeseed toward littleseed canarygrass, and rapeseed had the highest competitive ability when both basal and topdressing N was 90 kg.ha(-1). With the increase of basal nitrogen rates, competitive balance index (CB) of rapeseed increased initially but decreased beyond an optimal level. CB continually increased with increasing topdressing N rates. Our research also showed level and period of N application had a significant effect (p < 0.01) on the photosynthetic rate (Pn) and chlorophyll content (Chl) of both rapeseed and littleseed canarygrass. Under the same N application regime, the Pn and Chl of littleseed canarygrass were higher than that of rapeseed in December, while the Pn and Chl of rapeseed was higher than that of littleseed canarygrass in February. Our study indicated that photosynthetic characteristics of rapeseed and littleseed canarygrass in different growth stages differ in their sensitivity to N regimes, creating a dynamic competitive relationship. Together, our results demonstrated that optimal application of fertilizer N could help rapeseed produce higher yields and greater weed control efficacy, suggesting that future modeling or experimental studies on utilizing crops to control invasive weeds should carefully consider both timing and placement of N.

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